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DTSTART:20170326T030000
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DTSTART:20171029T020000
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DTSTAMP:20260428T112236Z
UID:595a67b4ac583642807783@ist.ac.at
DTSTART:20170707T110000
DTEND:20170707T120000
DESCRIPTION:Speaker: Jatin Nagpal\nhosted by Harald Janovjak\nAbstract: Mic
 robial rhodopsin-based optogenetic tools like ChR2 offer spatio-temporal c
 ontrol over neural activity\, yet suffer from certain limitations. They co
 mpletely over-ride the intrinsic activity of the excitable targeted cell-t
 ype and do not allow accurate local control of membrane potential. In this
  talk\, I will highlight complimentary optogenetic approaches that can be 
 used to control specific nodes of intracellular signal transduction\, rath
 er than the overall state of depolarization of the cell. Cyclic guanosine 
 monophosphate (cGMP) is one such widely used 2nd messenger in cellular sig
 naling. In sensory neurons\, cGMP allows for signal modulation and amplifi
 cation\, before depolarization. Manipulating cGMP levels is required to ac
 cess this signalling and provide insights into signal encoding. We have ac
 hieved this by implementing two photo-activatable guanylyl cyclases - 1) g
 uanylyl cyclase rhodopsin from Blastocladiella emersonii (BeCyclOp) and 2)
  a mutated version of Beggiatoa sp. bacterial light-activated adenylyl cyc
 lase\, with specificity for GTP\, termed bPGC (Beggiatoa photoactivated gu
 anylyl cyclase) in heterologous cells (Xenopus oocytes) and in the muscle 
 cells and sensory neurons of  C. elegans. We have also determined the diff
 erences between the two cyclases with respect to kinetics and catalytic ef
 ficiency of cGMP production by directly imaging the cGMP rise in C. elegan
 s\, using a genetically encoded cGMP sensor\, WincG2 (or worm indicator of
  cGMP). Apart from light control of cGMP levels\, I will also touch on opt
 o-chemical approaches to control cell signalling such as photoswitchable D
 iacylglycerol (PhoDAG)\, azocholine\, and photoswitchable tethered ligands
  to control glutamate receptor\, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and glu
 tamate-gated chloride channel in C.elegans. In the end\, I will elaborate 
 on our future plans to work with such optogenetic tools in zebrafish and i
 nvestigate the stress biology.
LOCATION:Mondi Seminar Room 3\, Central Building\, ISTA
ORGANIZER:amally@ist.ac.at
SUMMARY:Jatin Nagpal: Optogenetic control of signal transduction
URL:https://talks-calendar.ista.ac.at/events/676
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