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DESCRIPTION:Speaker: Erwin Neher\nAbstract: We are pleased and proud to in
 vite you to our first ISTA Lecture in 2022 with our special guest\, the N
 obel Prize laureate Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Erwin Neher (https://en.wikipedia.o
 rg/wiki/Erwin_Neher).  AbstractChemical synapses – the fundamental uni
 ts for neural information processing – change their strength during repe
 titive use in a synapse type-specific and activity-dependent manner. Such 
 modifications can occur on several time scales and are held to underlie me
 mory formation and adaptive learning. Glutamatergic synapses display large
  heterogeneity in initial strength and short-term plasticity (STP)\, even 
 for a given type of connection. Such heterogeneity has recently attracted 
 great attention due to the recognition of its importance for maximizing th
 e capacity of information processing of neuronal networks. We analyzed a l
 arge set of data from the Calyx of Held Synapse\, using a combination of n
 on-negative tensor factorization (NTF) and conventional kinetic modelling.
  We found that both basic synaptic properties and STP\, including their he
 terogeneity\, can be reproduced by a simple kinetic scheme for synaptic ve
 sicle (SV) priming and fusion\, which distinguishes between two sequential
  and reversible steps of priming (the buildup of the release machinery) an
 d a final step of SV fusion. Surprisingly\, such an analysis indicates tha
 t functional heterogeneity among synapses is not primarily due to variabil
 ity in release probability. Rather\, differences between synapses are caus
 ed by the relative abundance of SVs equipped with a mature release machine
 ry. We conclude that traditional analysis methods for determining the size
  of the so-called ‘Readily-Releasable Pool’ of SVs and their‚ Releas
 e Probability‘ do not necessarily report the fusion probability of SVs w
 ith a mature release machinery. Such estimates rather reflect both fusion 
 probability and the distribution between mature and immature priming stat
 es under resting conditions\, thereby blurring the distinction priming and
  exocytosis. Our approach holds promise for a better mechanistic dissectio
 n of the roles of various presynaptic proteins in the sequence of SV docki
 ng\, two-step priming\, and AP-induced SV fusion. We hypothesise that hete
 rogeneity in both synaptic strength and STP is largely due to the influenc
 e of modulatory domains of the priming protein Munc-13. About Erwin Neher
 Erwin Neher\, (born March 20\, 1944\, Landsberg\, Germany)\, German physic
 ist who was a corecipient\, with Bert Sakmann\, of the 1991 Nobel Prize fo
 r Physiology or Medicine for their research into basic cell function and f
 or the development of the patch-clamp technique\, a laboratory method that
  can detect the very small electrical currents produced by the passage of 
 ions through the cell membrane.Neher earned a degree in physics from the T
 echnical University of Munich and then attended the University of Wisconsi
 n at Madison\, where he obtained a master of science degree in 1967. From 
 1968 to 1972 Neher did graduate work and postdoctoral work at the Max Plan
 ck Institute for Psychiatry\, Munich. He first developed the idea of the p
 atch-clamp technique in his doctoral thesis and earned a Ph.D. from the Te
 chnical University of Munich in 1970. (Britannica\, 2022) How to get here
 Public transportation. By showing the invitation to this lecture\, partici
 pants can use the ISTA Shuttle (Bus #142) from Heiligenstadt for free. Dep
 art from the Heiligenstadt bus stop (http://ist.ac.at/wp-content/uploads/
 2019/03/IST_Shuttle_Bus_Stop_Heiligenstadt.jpg) at 15:57 and arrive at 1
 6:24. Please see the shuttle timetable (https://ist.ac.at/wp-content/uploa
 ds/2021/01/Busfahrplan-142-January2021.pdf). Private transportation. Par
 king options for the lecture will be communicated via email to registered 
 participants. Coronavirus: 3G policy for the Raiffeisen Lecture HallEntry
  to the Raiffeisen Lecture Hall is only possible with a valid 3G certifica
 te (vaccinated / tested / recovered). Please have your certificate at hand
 . Nonetheless and in the light of recent developments\, such policy might
  be lifted soon.  REGISTRATIONClick here (https://registration.ist.ac.at
 /event/registration?id=IST_Lecture_Erwin_Neher4119160542) to register for 
 the attendance in the Raiffeisen Lecture Hall (limited capacity!).   R
 efreshments will be served after the lecture.
LOCATION:Raiffeisen Lecture Hall\, ISTA
ORGANIZER:catalin.balcau@ist.ac.at
SUMMARY:Erwin Neher: ISTA Lecture: Erwin Neher
URL:https://talks-calendar.ista.ac.at/events/3494
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