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DTSTAMP:20260406T171947Z
UID:1605189600@ist.ac.at
DTSTART:20201112T150000
DTEND:20201112T170000
DESCRIPTION:Speaker: Stephanie Ellis\nhosted by Martin Loose\nAbstract: : C
 omplex tissue morphology arises from coordinated activity of stem cells du
 ring development. However\, the quality control mechanisms that act in ste
 m cells during growth to promote tissue fitness are not well understood. C
 ell competition has been proposed to act as a selection mechanism in rapid
 ly expanding tissues\, whereby less fit loser cells are eliminated by neig
 hbouring winner cells. The extent to which cell competition acts as a cons
 erved regulator of tissue and organ growth is unknown. To address this que
 stion\, we establish a model to study cell competition in the developing s
 kin. Using a unique multidisciplinary strategy\, we show that growth is in
 herently heterogeneous during rapid tissue expansion and remodelling. Less
  fit loser clones are actively eliminated over time to maximize the fitnes
 s of the skin to act as a barrier and repair wounds. Delving into mechanis
 m\, we unveil an unexpected transition in cell competition mechanisms as t
 issue architecture becomes more complex\, transitioning from a rapidly pro
 liferating monolayer that eliminates less fit loser cells by apoptosis\, t
 o a stratifying tissue that eliminates loser cells by triggering their dif
 ferentiation. Our data also reveals the physiological relevance of cell co
 mpetition for skin function\; when cell competition is disrupted\, barrier
  formation is delayed. Preliminary transcriptional data further supports t
 he notion that endogenous cell competition is intertwined with the biology
  of the skin. Altogether\, our studies raise the intriguing possibility th
 at cell competition acts as a selective force during epidermal development
  to optimize tissue fitness. Such growth control mechanisms are likely to 
 be of particular importance for continuously regenerating epithelia such a
 s the mammalian epidermis\, which effectively never stop growing.
LOCATION:online\, ISTA
ORGANIZER:stephanie.danzinger@ist.ac.at
SUMMARY:Stephanie Ellis: The Fight to Build a Barrier: How Cell Competition
  Shapes Mammalian Skin Development and Homeostasis
URL:https://talks-calendar.ista.ac.at/events/2902
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