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DTSTART:20190331T030000
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DTSTART:20191027T020000
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DTSTAMP:20260405T004724Z
UID:5cd17c1d4e488405143365@ist.ac.at
DTSTART:20190517T110000
DTEND:20190517T120000
DESCRIPTION:Speaker: Anusha Mishra\nhosted by Simon Hippenmeyer\nAbstract: 
 Neuronal activity results in a spatially and temporally localized increase
  in blood flow to meet the increased demand for oxygen and glucose. This r
 esponse\, termed neurovascular coupling\, was classically thought to occur
  entirely at the arteriole level and mediated by astrocytes. Challenging t
 his view\, our work demonstrates that cerebral blood flow can also be cont
 rolled at the capillary level. I will present data showing that neuronal a
 ctivity evokes capillary dilation both ex vivo and in vivo. Capillary dila
 tion depends on calcium entry into astrocytes through the purinergic P2X1 
 receptors and the subsequent synthesis and release of vasoactive prostagla
 ndin E2. Arteriole dilation\, in contrast\, does not depend on astrocytic 
 signaling but rather is mediated by nitric oxide\, most likely from intern
 eurons. Using an experimental model of stroke\, we also show that activity
 -evoked capillary dilation is reduced by ~75% in the clinically asymptomat
 ic\, non-ischemic regions of the stroke hemisphere\, replicating clinical 
 observations in stroke patients. Such a reduction in capillary neurovascul
 ar coupling would spell a severe energy deprivation state and may contribu
 te to long-term neurological dysfunction. These findings demonstrate a dic
 hotomy in the signaling cascades that regulate cerebral blood flow in diff
 erent vascular compartments\, establish astrocytes as an important mediato
 r of neurovascular signaling to capillaries\, and suggest restoration of a
 strocyte-dependent capillary regulation as a novel putative therapeutic ap
 proach in stroke. Our findings also suggest that blood oxygenation level d
 ependent neuroimaging may not be a reliable measure of neuronal function i
 n stroke patients.
LOCATION:Seminar Room\, Lab Building East\, ISTA
ORGANIZER:lmarr@ist.ac.at
SUMMARY:Anusha Mishra: Neurovascular coupling in health and disease.
URL:https://talks-calendar.ista.ac.at/events/1982
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