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DTSTART:20190331T030000
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DTSTART:20191027T020000
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DTSTAMP:20260404T015613Z
UID:5ca5d8fde9963881793929@ist.ac.at
DTSTART:20190410T113000
DTEND:20190410T124500
DESCRIPTION:Speaker: Roderich Römhild\nhosted by Calin Guet\nAbstract: Ant
 ibiotic resistance is a growing challenge. Resistance can rapidly emerge d
 uring treatment\, due to the high potential of bacteria for rapid evolutio
 nary adaptation. One approach to sustain the efficacy of antibiotics is to
  develop treatment strategies that inhibit resistance evolution. This talk
  will show an example of a new treatment strategy - hysteresis treatments 
 - that inhibits resistance evolution by using available antibiotics in a n
 ew way. Hysteresis treatments exploit cellular phenotypic memory\, which r
 efers to long-lasting changes in cellular physiology induced by previous a
 ntibiotic exposures. Antibiotics can act as signals\, and induce specific 
 and long-lasting cellular responses\, such as heat-shock response\, motili
 ty and changes in membrane permeability. Bacterial responses are stabilize
 d across generations and can have pleiotropic effects for treatment with o
 ther antibiotics. Cellular memory can harm bacteria\, when they are treate
 d with appropriate sequences of antibiotics. Using evolution experiments\,
  mathematical modelling\, genomics\, and functional genetic analysis\, we 
 demonstrate that hysteresis treatments are highly efficient - they cause e
 xtinction at sub-MIC concentrations - and inhibit the evolution of resista
 nce. Hysteresis treatments impose specific selective pressure on the bacte
 ria that does not favour resistance mutations\, but rather mutations causi
 ng cellular ignorance behaviour\, or a loss of memory. Cellular hysteresis
  can be harnessed as a novel principle to optimise antibiotic therapy\, in
  order to achieve both\, enhanced bacterial elimination and reduced resist
 ance evolution.
LOCATION:Mondi Seminar Room 1\, Central Building\, ISTA
ORGANIZER:lalesch@ist.ac.at
SUMMARY:Roderich Römhild: Hysteresis treatments: Exploiting cellular memor
 y to prevent resistance evolution
URL:https://talks-calendar.ista.ac.at/events/1893
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