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DTSTART:20160327T030000
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DTSTAMP:20260429T011813Z
UID:57209db7e4d6d062682955@ist.ac.at
DTSTART:20160912T160000
DTEND:20160912T171500
DESCRIPTION:Speaker: James Briscoe\nAbstract: Tissue development relies on 
 the spatially and temporally organised allocation of cell identity\, with 
 each cell adopting an identity appropriate for its position within the tis
 sue. In many cases\, transcriptional networks controlled by extrinsic sign
 als determine these cellular decisions. A mechanistic understanding of pat
 tern formation and cell fate decisions therefore requires insight into how
  the regulatory interactions between transcription factors and external si
 gnals determines the switches in gene expression that generate the cell id
 entity. One common strategy of pattern formation relies on positional info
 rmation provided by secreted signalling molecules -- morphogens -- emanati
 ng from localized sources within\, or adjacent to\, the developing tissue.
  The spread of a morphogen from its source creates a spatial gradient in t
 he tissue. Cells are sensitive to the level of the morphogen and convert t
 he continuous input into a set of discrete gene expression profiles at dif
 ferent distances from the morphogen source. An example of this is the deve
 lopment of the vertebrate neural tube. Distinct neuronal subtypes are gene
 rated in a precise spatial order from progenitor cells arrayed along the d
 orsal-ventral axis of the neural tube. Underpinning this organization is a
  complex network of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Particularly well und
 erstood is the mechanism that determines the generation of different neuro
 nal subtypes in ventral regions of the spinal cord. In this region of the 
 nervous system\, the secreted protein Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) acts in graded 
 fashion to organize the pattern of neurogenesis. This is a dynamic process
  in which exposure to Shh generates progenitors with successively more ven
 tral identities. A gene regulatory network composed of transcription facto
 rs regulated by Shh signaling play an essential role in determining the gr
 aded response of cells. Thus the accurate patterning of the neural tube an
 d the specification of neuronal subtype identity in this region relies on 
 the continuous processing and constant refinement of the cellular response
  to graded Shh signaling. Quantitative data and dynamical systems modeling
  is beginning to provide a mechanistic understanding of how this is achiev
 ed and offering fresh insight into the problem of embryonic pattern format
 ion.
LOCATION:Raiffeisen Lecture Hall\, Central Building\, ISTA
ORGANIZER:aeller@ist.ac.at
SUMMARY:James Briscoe: The Institute Colloquium: The logic of cell fate dec
 isions in vertebrate development
URL:https://talks-calendar.ista.ac.at/events/172
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