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DTSTART:20180325T030000
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DTSTAMP:20260406T042315Z
UID:5b90264453f16398644785@ist.ac.at
DTSTART:20180914T150000
DTEND:20180914T160000
DESCRIPTION:Speaker: Francesco Romanò\nhosted by Gasper Tkacik\, Edouard H
 annezo\nAbstract: The airway of human lungs articulate from the windpipe i
 n a network of bifurcating branches known asbronchi and bronchioles. At ea
 ch airway generation\, i.e. when a branch bifurcates\, the airway cross se
 ctionreduces\, up to becoming microscopic when it connects to the alveoli.
  Considering that human lung airwayis coated lined with a liquid made out 
 of mucus and serous\, after 8 or 9 generations the surface tensionbetween 
 this liquid layer and the air might induce a Rayleigh-Plateau instability 
 of a thick-enough liquidfilm. This phenomenon\, known as airway closure\, 
 creates a liquid plug which blocks the airway haltingdistal gas exchange. 
 Consequence of the airway closure are the flow-induced high stress levels 
 on the wall\,which is the location of airway epithelial cells. Relevant co
 nditions for human lungs are simulated\, takinginto account ordinary and p
 athological parameters. Our numerical prediction is able to capture the ph
 ysicalprocess from pre- to post-coalescence\, whereas previous studies hav
 e been limited to pre-coalescence only.Therefore\, we can study the effect
  of the topological change\, and we discovered that during coalescence\, a
 high level of stress and stress gradients is exerted on the epithelial cel
 ls. We find that wall stresses during thepost-coalescence phase can be in 
 the range of 300% to 600% greater than pre-coalescence values. Hence\,airw
 ay closure qualifies as a cause of sub-lethal or lethal responses for the 
 epithelial cells.
LOCATION:Mondi Seminar Room 3\, Central Building\, ISTA
ORGANIZER:dboocock@ist.ac.at
SUMMARY:Francesco Romanò: Liquid plug formation in human airways
URL:https://talks-calendar.ista.ac.at/events/1395
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