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DTSTART:20180325T030000
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DTSTART:20181028T020000
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DTSTAMP:20260405T232536Z
UID:5aeafdd22db7d969072977@ist.ac.at
DTSTART:20180525T110000
DTEND:20180525T121500
DESCRIPTION:Speaker: Natalie Kirkland\nhosted by Carl-Philipp Heisenberg\nA
 bstract: Epithelia form protective barriers\, lining every organ surface a
 nd cavity of an animal. Throughout dynamic morphogenetic events and homeos
 tatic cell divisions\, epithelia must maintain complete integrity\, yet th
 ese underlying mechanisms are unclear. We aim to elucidate how epithelial 
 integrity is ensured throughout development by utilising the Drosophila im
 aginal wing disc. The wing disc possesses pseudo-stratified epithelia that
  transforms in structure and requires specialised regulation of cell divis
 ion\, proving a useful model to explore mechanisms that maintain integrity
  at the tissue and cellular level. First\, we investigated the tissue resp
 onse to mechanical stretching in order to identify the mechanisms that act
  to prevent tissue rupture during dynamic tissue rearrangement. We found a
  stretch-sensitive pathway that polarises myosin into cable-like structure
 s\, dependent on actin reorganisation. The cables rigidify the tissue whil
 st remodelling occurs and prevent injury to the tissue from propagating be
 yond the injury boundary. Second\, we investigated the mechanisms that mai
 ntain tissue integrity during cell division. As a hallmark of pseudo-strat
 ification\, the emergence of stratified nuclear layers requires individual
  cells to actively translocate their nuclei to the apical surface for mito
 sis\, a process known as inter-kinetic nuclear migration (IKNM). This enab
 les mitotic cells to maintain adhesion and cell polarity. As tissue shape 
 and density are ever-evolving during development\, we explored how IKNM is
  affected by tissue properties. We found that developmental and mechanical
  increases in tissue compaction influence IKNM dynamics and suggest that t
 he pseudo-stratified structure exerts confinement upon the nuclei. We also
  identified a novel role for lateral adhesions in mediating proper nuclear
  movement\, in addition to regulators of actin polymerisation. We are curr
 ently investigating our candidate proteins during alterations in tissue co
 mpaction to infer their role in IKNM.This work has unveiled mechanisms tha
 t operate at the tissue and cellular level to ensure robust maintenance of
  epithelial integrity during development.
LOCATION:Meeting room 2nd floor / Bertalanffy Bldg. (I04.2OG - LAB)\, ISTA
ORGANIZER:lalesch@ist.ac.at
SUMMARY:Natalie Kirkland: Investigating how mechanical perturbation and tis
 sue architecture affect cell behaviours in pseudostratified epithelia of D
 .melanogaster
URL:https://talks-calendar.ista.ac.at/events/1235
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