New insights into Quantum Spin Hall-based Josephson junctions

Josephson junctions based on the Quantum Spin Hall Effect (QSHE) [1,2] offer a promising playground to manipulate the helical edge states in view of spintronics and superconducting spintronics applications. Despite an intense research effort, a theoretical model for some experimentally relevant setups is still missing. In this context, I will consider a QSH-based Josephson junction with a constriction between the edge channels [3]. In this system, the transport
of Cooper pairs is significantly affected by single-electron effects, and peculiar
signatures emerge. In particular, I will show that the relevant flux quantum in
the interference pattern doubles [4], and an anomalous Josephson effect arises in
the presence of reconstructed edges [5,6]. Lastly, I will describe how the Cooper pair injection and the interference oscillations are modified if the edge states are broadly extended across the junction [7].

[1] S. Hart et al., Nat. Phys. 10, 638-643 (2014).
[2] V. S. Pribiag et al., Nat. Nanotechnol. 10(7), 593597 (2015).
[3] J. Strunz et al., Nat. Phys. 16, 8388 (2020).
[4] L. Vigliotti et al., New J. Phys. 24(5), 053017 (2022).
[5] J. Wang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 046801 (2017).
[6] L. Vigliotti et al., Nanomaterials 13(9), 1497 (2023).
[7] L. Vigliotti et al., Nanomaterials 13(3), 569 (2023).

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